TECHNICAL CENTRE TS EN ISO 12944

The common language
of corrosion protection.

ISO 12944 is the international standard that defines the corrosion protection of steel structures by protective paint systems. It assigns the environment to a categoryand the expectation to a durability class — so instead of debating “good paint”, you discuss a measurable system.

STEP 1 — ENVIRONMENT

Atmospheric corrosivity categories.

The standard's first question is: where does the structure stand? The category describes the load the environment places on the steel and determines the entire system.

CATEGORYCORROSIVITYENVIRONMENTTYPICAL EXAMPLE
C1 Very low Heated building interiors; clean, dry atmosphere. Heated offices, shops, schools, hotels
C2 Low Rural atmosphere with low pollution. Condensation may occur in unheated buildings. Warehouses, sports halls, rural steel structures
C3 Medium Urban and light industrial atmosphere, moderate sulphur dioxide. Coastal areas with low salinity. Production plants, food facilities, urban steel
C4 High Industrial areas and coastal areas with moderate salinity. Chemical plants and indoor swimming pools. Chemical plants, shipyards, coastal structures
C5 Very high Heavy industry with high humidity and marine atmosphere with high salinity. Almost permanent condensation. Refineries, port cranes, nearshore
CX Extreme Industrial areas with extreme pollution, offshore areas with high salinity, tropical and subtropical environments. Offshore platforms, tropical facilities
STEP 2 — EXPECTATION

Durability classes.

Durability is not a guarantee period; it is the system's expected life until the first major maintenance — in the same environment, a 7-year target and a 25-year target require an entirely different number of coats and film thickness.

L

Low

Up to 7 years

Temporary structures, short-term assets

M

Medium

7 – 15 years

Facilities with a planned maintenance cycle

H

High

15 – 25 years

Infrastructure, main production assets

VH

Very high

Over 25 years

Hard-to-reach structures that are costly to maintain

SYSTEM SELECTOR

Category + durability = system.

Select your corrosivity category and target durability; see the number of coats, total dry film thickness and surface preparation you will need.

What is the corrosivity level of the environment where your structure is located?

How long should the system last until the first major maintenance?

Select a corrosivity category and durability period to see the result.

C4 / H

High protection

Recommended number of coats3 coats
Total dry film thickness240–280 µm
Surface preparationSa 2½
Primer typeZinc epoxy
Suitable product familyEpoxy + PU
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This result is for guidance only. The final system selection depends on surface condition, application conditions and the existing coating. Let's confirm it with our free site inspection report.

STEP 3 — SURFACE

Preparation grade is half the system.

Even the best coating will not adhere to an unprepared surface. ISO 8501-1 defines surface cleanliness grades; whatever grade the selected system requires, the site must comply with it.

St 2 — Hand tool cleaning

Loose rust and paint residue are removed. For repairs with limited life expectancy.

Sa 2 — Thorough blast cleaning

Most of the surface is cleaned; slight staining may remain. For low-category systems.

Sa 2½ — Very thorough blast cleaning

The de facto standard for industrial corrosion protection. Most C3–C5 systems require it.

Sa 3 — Blast cleaning to visually clean steel

The highest preparation grade. For CX and critical assets, beneath zinc-rich systems.

HOW THE SYSTEM IS BUILT

Solid foundation, robust barrier, durable finish.

PRIMER

Corrosion control

The secret of every durable coating lies in a solid primer layer that protects the metal surface from external influences and ensures the adhesion of the topcoat. High-solids zinc phosphate epoxy primers provide superior corrosion protection even in the harshest conditions.

INTERMEDIATE COAT

Film thickness

Carries the system's total dry film thickness (DFT). This is the main barrier that delays moisture, ions and chemicals from reaching the metal; the higher the category, the thicker this layer.

TOPCOAT

Visible finish and last line of defence

The topcoat is the visible face of the system. As well as aesthetics, it forms the last line of defence against UV rays, chemicals and physical impact. The right choice determines both visual quality and durability.

In 2K (two-component) systems, mixing the base and the hardener starts a chemical reaction; the result is a surface that is much harder, more durable and more chemical-resistant than one-component paints. Mixing ratios and curing times are specified in the product's technical data sheet (TDS).

FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE

The standard is set in the laboratory, the result on site

ISO 12944-6 represents performance proven in the laboratory. The real result depends on the right system being applied correctly on site. Let us assess your existing system against this standard with our free site inspection report.

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